CentOS 7系统下安装 MariaDB数据库的详细教程

文章主要为大家详细介绍了CentOS 7下安装mysql（MariaDB）的详细教程，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下。
CentOS 7系统下安装MariaDB教程，分享给大家
1.centos7现状：
新系统无法再使用yum install mysql-server来安装mysql，因为已使用mariadb代替mysql。
2.安装mariadb：
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-bench.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-embedded.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64
---> Package mariadb-test.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
 
Dependencies Resolved
 
==========================================================================================================
 Package              Arch       Version           Repository     Size
==========================================================================================================
Installing:
 mariadb              x86_64      1:5.5.37-1.el7_0      updates      8.9 M
 mariadb-bench           x86_64      1:5.5.37-1.el7_0      updates      385 k
 mariadb-devel           x86_64      1:5.5.37-1.el7_0      updates      744 k
 mariadb-embedded         x86_64      1:5.5.37-1.el7_0      updates      3.6 M
 mariadb-embedded-devel      x86_64      1:5.5.37-1.el7_0      updates      7.4 M
 mariadb-libs           x86_64      1:5.5.37-1.el7_0      updates      752 k
 mariadb-server          x86_64      1:5.5.37-1.el7_0      updates       11 M
 mariadb-test           x86_64      1:5.5.37-1.el7_0      updates      7.9 M
Installing for dependencies:
 perl-DBD-MySQL          x86_64      4.023-5.el7         base        140 k
 
Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================
Install 8 Packages (+1 Dependent package)
 
Total download size: 40 M
Installed size: 279 M
Downloading packages:
(1/9): mariadb-bench-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm                   | 385 kB 00:00:00
(2/9): mariadb-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm                   | 744 kB 00:00:00
(3/9): mariadb-embedded-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm                 | 3.6 MB 00:00:00
(4/9): mariadb-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm                      | 8.9 MB 00:00:00
(5/9): mariadb-libs-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm                   | 752 kB 00:00:00
(6/9): mariadb-server-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm                  | 11 MB 00:00:00
(7/9): mariadb-embedded-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm              | 7.4 MB 00:00:00
(8/9): mariadb-test-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64.rpm                   | 7.9 MB 00:00:00
(9/9): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64.rpm                    | 140 kB 00:00:00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                   36 MB/s | 40 MB 00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
 Installing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                          1/9
 Installing : 1:mariadb-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                            2/9
 Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64                           3/9
 Installing : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                         4/9
 Installing : 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                         5/9
 Installing : 1:mariadb-embedded-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                        6/9
 Installing : 1:mariadb-embedded-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                     7/9
 Installing : 1:mariadb-test-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                          8/9
 Installing : 1:mariadb-bench-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                         9/9
 Verifying : 1:mariadb-test-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                          1/9
 Verifying : 1:mariadb-embedded-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                     2/9
 Verifying : 1:mariadb-embedded-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                        3/9
 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                          4/9
 Verifying : 1:mariadb-bench-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                         5/9
 Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                            6/9
 Verifying : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                         7/9
 Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64                           8/9
 Verifying : 1:mariadb-devel-5.5.37-1.el7_0.x86_64                         9/9
 
Installed:
 mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0            mariadb-bench.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0
 mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0         mariadb-embedded.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0
 mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0     mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0
 mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0         mariadb-test.x86_64 1:5.5.37-1.el7_0
 
Dependency Installed:
 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7
 
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.servi           
ce'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.37-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]> logout
  -> exit
  ->
  -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaD           
B server version for the right syntax to use near 'logout
exit' at line 1
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.37-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| test        |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]> use test
Database changed
MariaDB [test]> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [test]> exit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found
 
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
   SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
 
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
 
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
 
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!
 
 
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
 
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!
 
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
 
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!
 
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
 
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!
 
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
 
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!
 
Cleaning up...
 
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
 
Thanks for using MariaDB!
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 15
Server version: 5.5.37-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| zbphp.com     |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>